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Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)
  Epidemiology/National Challenges

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Last Update:  April 10, 2018
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Global
       

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
Pneumocystis jiroveci: epidemiological, pathophysiological and biological update.
Vedy S, Ragot C, Robet Y, Puyhardy JM.
 Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2009 Jul-Aug;67(4):369-79.
 Abstract

Changing global epidemiology of pulmonary manifestations of HIV/AIDS.
Hull MW, Phillips P, Montaner JS.
Chest. 2008 Dec;134(6):1287-98.
Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Current Epidemiology of Pneumocystis Pneumonia,
Morris A, Lundgren JD, Masur H,  et al.
Emerg Infect Dis  2004 Oct
Paper
Africa
       
Regional/Multinational
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Burden of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a systematic review.
Wasserman S, Engel ME, Mendelson M.
Syst Rev. 2013 Dec 12;2(1):112.
Paper

Malawi

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  FULL TEXT ARTICLE
Pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-positive adults, Malawi.
van Oosterhout JJ, Laufer MK, Perez MA, et al.
Emerg Infect Dis  Feb 2007
Paper
 
South Africa

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
High prevalence of dihydropteroate synthase mutations in Pneumocystis jirovecii isolated from patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia in South Africa.
Dini L, du Plessis M, Frean J, Fernandez V.
J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Jun;48(6):2016-21
 Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in African miners at autopsy.
Wong ML, Back P, Candy G, Nelson G, Murray J. 
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006 Jul;10(7):756-60.
 Abstract
Asia
       
Multinational

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Failure to prescribe pneumocystis prophylaxis is associated with increased mortality, even in the cART era:
results from the Treat Asia HIV Observational Database.
Lim PL, Zhou J, Ditangco RA, Law MG, et alJ
 Int AIDS Soc. 2012 Jan 26;15(1):1
 Abstract

China

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Clinical features of acute respiratory failure due to pneumocystis pneumonia in non-HIV immunocompromised patients].
Huang X, Weng L, Yi L, et al
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2016 Oct 18;96(38):3057-3061.
 Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Adjunctive Corticosteroids for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV-infected Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.
Fujikura Y, Manabe T, Kawana A, Kohno S.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2016 Sep 9
 Paper

Genotyping of Pneumocystis jirovecii isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in China.
Sun L, Huang M, Wang J, et al
Infect Genet Evol. 2015 Jan 31
 Abstract

Mutational analysis of Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase genes in HIV-infected patients in China.
Deng X, Zhuo L, Lan Y,  et al  
 J Clin Microbiol. 2014 Aug 13
 Abstract

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Hong Kong: a 10 year retrospective study.
Hui M, Kwok WT.
J Med Microbiol. 2006 Jan;55(Pt 1):85-8.
 Abstract
 
India
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Circulating genotypes of Pneumocystis jirovecii and its clinical correlation in patients from a single tertiary center in India.
Singh Y, Mirdha BR, Guleria R, et al
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 11
 Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii Infection and the Associated Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) and Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) Mutations in HIV-Positive Individuals from Pune, India.
Mane A, Gujar P, Chandra J, Lokhande R,  et al
Mycopathologia. 2014 Sep 30.
 Abstract

Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of Pneumocystis jirovecii isolates from India.
Gupta R, Mirdha BR, Guleria R, et al 
Infect Genet Evol. 2010 Aug;10(6):712-9
 Abstract

Korea

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Atypical Presentation of Pneumocystis jirovecii Infection in HIV Infected Patients: Three Different Manifestations.
Kim B, Kim J, Paik SS, Pai H.
 J Korean Med Sci. 2018 Apr 9;33(15):e115.
Abstract

Outcomes of Pneumocystis pneumonia with respiratory failure in HIV-negative patients.
Ko Y, Jeong BH, Park HY, et al
J Crit Care. 2013 Dec 21
 Abstract

Taiwan
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia in Patients with Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Receiving Chemotherapy Containing Rituximab.
Chang H, Yeh HC, Su YC, Lee MH.
J Chin Med Assoc. 2008 Nov;71(11):579-82.
 Abstract
 
Thailand
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Study of DHPS and DHFR genes of Pneumocystis jirovecii in Thai HIV-infected patients.
Siripattanapipong S, Leelayoova S, Mungthin M,et al
Med Mycol. 2008 Jun;46(4):389-92.
 Abstract
Australia/Pacific Islands
       
New Zealand

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Hong Kong: a 10 year retrospective study.
Hui M, Kwok WT.
J Med Microbiol. 2006 Jan;55(Pt 1):85-8.
 Abstract
Europe
       
Multinational
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Rising incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia suggests iatrogenic exposure of immune compromised patients may be becoming a significant problem.
Coyle PV, McCaughey C, Nager A, et al
J Med Microbiol. 2012 Apr 19.
Abstract

Austria
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
Seasonal variation of Pneumocystis jirovecii infection: analysis of underlying climatic factors.
Sing A, Schmoldt S, Laubender RP, Heesemann J,  et a
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009 Jun 6
 Abstract

The clinical significance and phylogenetic relationship of novel Australian Pneumocystis jirovecii genotypes.
van Hal SJ, Gilgado F, Doyle T, et al
 J Clin Microbiol. 2009 Apr 15.
 Abstract
 
France
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Pneumocystis pneumonia suspected cases in 604 non-HIV and HIV patients.
Bienvenu AL, Traore K, Plekhanova I,  et al
Int J Infect Dis. 2016 Mar 25. pii: S1201-9712(16)31005-0
 Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with or without AIDS, France.
Roux A, Canet E, Valade S, Gangneux-Robert F,  et al
Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Sep;20(9):1490-7.
Abstract

Incidence of Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia among Groups at Risk in HIV-negative Patients.
Fillatre P, Decaux O, Jouneau S, et al
Am J Med. 2014 Jul 21
 Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Critical Importance of Long-Term Adherence to Care in HIV Infected Patients in the cART Era: New Insights from Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Cases over 2004-2011 in the FHDH-ANRS CO4 Cohort.
Denis B, Guiguet M, de Castro N, et al
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 11;9(4):e94183.
Paper

Quantification and spread of Pneumocystis jirovecii in the surrounding air of patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Choukri F, Menotti J, Sarfati C,  et al
Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Aug 1;51(3):259-65
 Abstract

Germany
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
Low prevalence of DHFR and DHPS mutations in Pneumocystis jirovecii strains obtained from a German cohort.
Suárez I, Roderus L, van Gumpel E, et al  
Infection. 2017 Mar 16.
 Abstract

Low prevalence of human metapneumovirus and human bocavirus in adult immunocompromised high risk patients suspected to suffer from Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Müller A, Klinkenberg D, Vehreschild J, et al 
J Infect. 2009 Mar;58(3):227-31
 Abstract

Molecular evidence of nosocomial Pneumocystis jirovecii transmission among 16 patients after kidney transplantation.
Schmoldt S, Schuhegger R, Wendler T, et al
J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Mar;46(3):966-71
 Abstract
 
Italy

 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
  FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Infectious disease ward admission positively influences P. jiroveci pneumonia (PjP) outcome: A retrospective analysis of 116 HIV-positive and HIV-negative immunocompromised patients.
Ricciardi A, Gentilotti E, Coppola L,  et al
 PLoS One. 2017 May 15;12(5):e0176881
 Paper
 

The Netherlands

           Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Lower incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia among Africans in the Netherlands; host or environmental factors?
Schoffelen AF, van Lelyveld SF, Barth RE,  et alA
IDS. 2012 Dec 29.
 Abstract

An outbreak of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia with 1 predominant genotype among renal transplant recipients: interhuman transmission or a common environmental source?
de Boer MG, Bruijnesteijn van Coppenraet LE, Gaasbeek A, et al  
Clin Infect Dis. 2007 May 1;44(9):1143-9.
 Abstract
 
Portugal

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Multicenter study highlighting clinical relevance of new high-throughput methodologies in molecular epidemiology of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Esteves F, de Sousa B, Calderón EJ,  et al
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016 Mar 25. pii: S1198-743X(16)30028-3
 Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii multilocus genotyping profiles in patients from Portugal and Spain.
Esteves F, Montes-Cano MA, de la Horra C, et al
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Apr;14(4):356-62.
 Abstract
Spain

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
mmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Roade Tato L, Burgos Cibrian J,  et al
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2017 Nov 26
 Abstract

High Prevalence of Pneumocystis jiroveci Colonization Among Young HIV-Infected Patients.
Gutiérrez S, Morilla R, León JA,  et al
J Adolesc Health. 2011 Jan;48(1):103-5
 Abstract
 

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in Spanish HIV-infected patients in the combined antiretroviral therapy era: prevalence of dihydropteroate synthase mutations and
prognostic factors of mortality.
Alvarez-Martínez MJ, Moreno A, Miró JM, et al
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 Jun 11.
Abstract
 
Pneumocystis jirovecii multilocus genotyping profiles in patients from Portugal and Spain.
Esteves F, Montes-Cano MA, de la Horra C, et al
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Apr;14(4):356-62.
 Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Pneumocystis jirovecii in general population.
Medrano FJ, Montes-Cano M, Conde M, et al
Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Feb;11(2):245-5
 Paper
 
Switzerland
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Interhuman transmission as a potential key parameter for geographical variation in the prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase mutations.
Hauser PM, Nahimana A, Taffe P,  et al
Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Aug 15;51(4):e28-33.
 Abstract

United Kingdom

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab: A retrospective review and case-control study of 21 patients.
Komano Y, Harigai M, Koike R, et al 
Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Mar 15;61(3):305-12.
 Abstract
Latin America/Caribbean
       
Brazil

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Absence of dihydropteroate synthase mutations in Pneumocystis jirovecii from Brazilian
AIDS patients.
issmann G, Alvarez-Martinez MJ
J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2006 Jul-Aug;53(4):305-7.
 Abstract
Middle East
       
Iran

          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
Co-infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii in the Iranian Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
Sheikholeslami MF, Sadraei J, Farnia P,  et al
 Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015 Feb 20;8(2):e17254.
 Abstract

Dihydropteroate synthase gene mutation rates in Pneumocystis jirovecii strains obtained from Iranian HIV-positive and non-HIV-positive patients
Sheikholeslami MF, Sadraei J, Farnia P,  et al 
Med Mycol. 2015 Jan 28. pii: myu095
 Abstract

Typing of Pneumocystis jirovecii isolates from Iranian immunosuppressed patients based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene.
Sheikholeslami MF, Sadraei J, Farnia P,  et al
Med Mycol. 2013 Jul 19.
 Abstract

Pneumocystis jirovecii Colonization in Non-HIV-Infected Patients Based on Nested-PCR Detection in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples.
Khodadadi H, Mirhendi H, Mohebali M,  et al I
ran J Public Health. 2013 Mar 1;42(3):298
 Abstract

Turkey
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  The Pneumocystis jirovecii colonization in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial washing and the comparison of methods which are used in diagnosis
Ozmen A, Mıstık R, Alver O,  et al
Tuberk Toraks. 2013 Dec;61(4):303-11
 Abstract
North America
       
United States
 
          Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Effects of clinical and environmental factors on bronchoalveolar antibody responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii: A prospective cohort study of HIV+ patients.
Blount RJ, Daly KR, Fong S, et al
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 10;12(7):e0180212.
Paper


 FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Ambient Air Pollution Associated with Suppressed Serologic Responses to Pneumocystis jirovecii in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia.
Blount RJ, Djawe K, Daly KR, et al
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 13;8(11):e80795.
Paper

Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a detailed examination of symptoms, management, and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and HIV-uninfected persons.
McKinnell JA, Cannella AP, Kunz DF, et al
Transpl Infect Dis. 2012 May
Abstract

Analysis of USRDS: incidence and risk factors for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.
Neff RT, Jindal RM, Yoo DY, , et al
 Transplantation. 2009 Jul 15;88(1):135-41.
 Abstract

Severity and outcomes of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients newly diagnosed with HIV infection: An observational cohort study.
Fei MW, Sant CA, Kim EJ, et al  
Scand J Infect Dis. 2009 Jun 11:1-7.
Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Nonadherence to primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Heffelfinger JD, Voetsch AC, Nakamura GV, et al 
PLoS ONE. 2009;4(3):e5002
 Paper
 
Trends in Hospitalizations for AIDS-Associated Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in the United States (1986-2005).
Kelley CF, Checkley W, Mannino DM, et al
Chest. 2009 Mar 2.
 
FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
Outcome of HIV-associated Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized patients from 2000 through 2003.
Radhi S, Alexander T, Ukwu M, et al
 BMC Infect Dis. 2008 Sep 16;8(1):118.
 Paper

Epidemiology and clinical significance of pneumocystis colonization.
Morris A, Wei K, Afshar K, Huang L
J Infect Dis. 2008 Jan 1;197(1):10-7.
 Abstract
 
        Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters
 
  A comparison of the Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia diagnosis between MSM and non-MSM male AIDS patients in Houston/Harris County, 2000-2009
H Rehman, J Gomez,K Chronister, et al  
(139 APHA)
 Abstract

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Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii)  
Epidemiology/National Challenges