Medical Advocates
Protease Inhibitors
 
Adverse Events
 
General Reports  
 Bleeding   
Blood Disorders                    
Cardiovascular Disorders      
 Hepatic Disorders                 
Endocrine Disorders
Leukotoxicity
 Mental Health		 Metabolic Disorders            Oncology
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Weight Disorders
Neurological Disorders
Ocular Disorders
Pancreatic Disorders     
Renal Disorders
Vitamin D Impairment 
Weight Disorders
 

 



 
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Last Update:  July 12, 2017
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General Reports
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 

Protease inhibitors exposure is not related to lung cancer risk in HIV smoker patients: a nested case-control study.
Bruyand M, Le Marec F, Lavole A, et al
AIDS. 2015 Jun 1;29(9):1105-1109.
 Abstract 

Viremia Copy-Years as a Predictive Marker of All-Cause Mortality in HIV-1-Infected Patients Initiating a Protease Inhibitor-Containing Antiretroviral Treatment.
Chirouze C, Journot V, Le Moing V, et al
 J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2015 Feb 1;68(2):204-208
Abstract 

Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum stress in placentas of HIV-infected women treated with protease inhibitors.
Brüning A, Kimmich T, Brem GJ,  et al
Reprod Toxicol. 2014 Dec;50:122-8.
 Abstract 

Protease inhibitor monotherapy and the CNS: peace of mind?
Perez-Valero I, Bayon C, Cambron I,  et alJ
Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 Jun 13.
Abstract 

Acute toxicity of second generation HIV protease-inhibitors in combination with radiotherapy:
a retrospective case series.
See AP, Zeng J, Tran PT, Lim M.
 Radiat Oncol. 2011 Mar 17;6(1):25.
 Abstract 

Toxicity of HIV protease inhibitors: clinical considerations.
Boesecke C, Cooper DA.
 Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008 Nov;3(6):653-
 Abstract 

 
  
Bleeding
 

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Severe bleeding complications in HIV-positive heamophiliac patients treated
with protease inhibitors
 Hollmig KA, Beck SB, Doll DC.
 Eur J Med Res 2001 Mar 26;6(3):112-4
 Abstract		  
Blood Disorders
 

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Effect of hyperbilirubinaemia on neurocognitive, renal, bone and cardiovascular markers in HIV infection treated with boosted protease inhibitors.
Barber TJ, Moyle G, Hill A,  et al
J Int AIDS Soc. 2014 Nov 2;17(4(Suppl 3)):19827.
Paper

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Practical Preclinical Model for Assessing the Potential for Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Produced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors
 Kempf DJ, Waring JF, David C. MorfittDC, et al
 Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 February; 50(2): 762–764.
Paper

  
Cutaneous Disorders
 

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
  Risk factors and occurrence of rash in HIV-positive patients not receiving
nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: data from a randomized study
evaluating use of protease inhibitors in nucleoside-experienced patients with
very low CD4 levels (<50 cells/mmicroL).
Floridia M, Bucciardini R, Fragola V, et al 
HIV Med. 2004 Jan; 5(1): 1-10.
Abstract
Endocrine Disorders
 

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Adrenal Enzyme Impairment in Neonates and Adolescents Treated with Ritonavir and Protease Inhibitors for HIV Exposure or Infection.
 Kariyawasam D, Simon A, Laborde K,  et al
Horm Res Paediatr. 2014 Feb 26
 Abstract

Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome with osteoporosis and secondary adrenal failure in
HIV-infected patients receiving inhaled corticosteroids and ritonavir-boosted protease
inhibitors: six cases.
 Samaras K, Pett S, Gowers A, et al 
Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar 8;
Abstract

  
Hepatic Disorders
       

      Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 

 

 

 
HIV protease inhibitors in gut barrier dysfunction and liver injury.
Wu X, Li Y, Peng K, Zhou H.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2014 Aug 5;19C:61-66
 Abstract  

Practical preclinical model for assessing the potential for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
produced by human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors.
Kempf DJ, Waring JF, Morfitt DC, et al 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Feb;50(2):762-4.
 Abstract  

 
Leukotoxicity
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Protease inhibitors, the responsible components for the serum-dependent
enhancement of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxicity.
Johansson A, Claesson R, Belibasakis G. et al
Eur J Oral Sci 2001 Oct;109(5):335-41
Abstract		  
Mental Health
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Quality of life and depression among HIV-infected patients receiving efavirenz- or protease
inhibitor-based therapy in Senegal.
 Poupard M, Ngom Gueye N, Thiam D, et al
HIV Med. 2007 Mar;8(2):92-5.
Abstract		  
Metabolic Disorders: General
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
Plasma metabolomics identifies lipid abnormalities linked to markers of inflammation, microbial translocation, and hepatic function in HIV patients receiving protease inhibitors
Cassol  E , Misra V, Holman  A, et al
BMC Infectious Diseases 2013, 13:203
 Paper

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
HIV Protease Inhibitors Disrupt Lipid Metabolism by Activating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibiting Autophagy Activity in Adipocytes.
Zha BS, Wan X, Zhang X, , et al
 PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e59514
Paper

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Dyslipidaemia in HIV-1-infected patients receiving protease inhibitors after initial treatment with first-line-based non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: a cross-sectional study.
Pefura Yone EW, Kengne AP, Ashuntantang G,  et al
BMJ Open. 2012 Aug 8;2(4)
Paper
 
Musculoskeletal Disorders
       

Bone Disorders

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
Antiretroviral therapy containing HIV protease inhibitors enhances fracture risk by impairing osteoblast differentiation and bone quality
Hirakawa H, Gatanaga H, Ochi H, et al
 J Infect Dis. 2017 May 19
 Abstract

The protease inhibitors and HIV-associated bone loss.
Moran CA, Weitzmann MN, Ofotokun I.
 Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2016 Feb 25
 Abstract

Long-term changes in bone mineral density after switching to a protease inhibitor monotherapy in HIV-infected subject.
Negredo E, Bonjoch A, Puig J,  et al
New Microbiol. 2015 Apr 29;38(2)
Abstract

Long-term use of protease inhibitors is associated with bone mineral density loss.
Kinai E, Nishijima T, Mizushima D,  et al
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2014 Feb 4.
 Abstract

Greater decrease in bone mineral density with protease inhibitor regimens compared with
nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor regimens in HIV-1 infected naive patients.
Duvivier C, Kolta S, Assoumou L, et al 
AIDS. 2009 Apr 27;27(7):817-24.
 Abstract

Longitudinal evolution of bone mineral density and bone markers in human
immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
 Mondy K, Yarasheski K, Powderly WG, et al.
Clin Infect Dis 2003 Feb 15;36(4):482-90
 Abstract

  
Neurological Disorders
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Brain Injury Caused by HIV Protease Inhibitors: role of Lipodystrophy and Insulin Resistance.
Gupta S, Knight AG, Losso BY. et al
 Antiviral Res. 2012 May 9..
 Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors and risk for peripheral neuropathy.
Ellis RJ, Marquie-Beck J, Delaney P,  et al
 Ann Neurol. 2008 Dec 9;64(5):566-572.
Abstract
Ocular Disorders
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Ophthalmic artery resistance index IS increased in HIV-Infected patients and is influenced by protease inhibitors exposure.
Fabbiani M, Grima P, Borghetti A,  et al
J Infect. 2014 Feb 5.
Abstract

Intraocular pressure in patients with human immunodeficiency virus and treated with
highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Park RJ, Mudumbai RC, Chen PP. et al 
J Ophthalmol. 2003 Aug;136(2):360-1.
Abstract
Pancreatic Disorders
       
    Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Direct interference of HIV protease inhibitors with pancreatic beta-cell function.
Dufer M, Neye Y, Krippeit-Drews P, Drews G.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2004 May 7
 Abstract
Renal Disorders
       
    Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Impact of Protease Inhibitor based Anti-Retroviral Therapy on Outcomes for HIV+ Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Sawinski D, Shelton BA, Mehta S, JE. et al
Am J Transplant. 2017 Jul 11.
 Abstract

Protease Inhibitors and Renal Function in Patients with HIV Infection: a Systematic Review.
Bagnis CI, Stellbrink HJ.
 Infect Dis Ther. 2015 Jan 8.
 Abstract

Effect of coadministered HIV-protease inhibitors on tacrolimus and sirolimus blood concentrations
in a kidney transplant recipients.
Barau C, Blouin P, Creput C, et al
Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Aug;23(4):423-5.
 Abstract
Oncology
 
   Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  HIV-protease inhibitors impair vitamin D bioactivation to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
 Cozzolino M, Vidal M, Arcidiacono MV,
AIDS 2003 Mar 7;17(4):513-20
 Abstract		  
Vitamin D Impairment
 
   Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  HIV-protease inhibitors impair vitamin D bioactivation to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
 Cozzolino M, Vidal M, Arcidiacono MV,
AIDS 2003 Mar 7;17(4):513-20
 Abstract		  
Weight Disorders
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
HIV protease inhibitors and obesity.
Anuurad E, Bremer A, Berglund L.
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2010 Aug 16.
 Abstract 
 		  

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