Medical Advocates
Ritonavir (Norvir)
 
Journal: Adolescent/Adult
Treatment Citations

General Reports
Guidelines
RTV/AMP Data
 RTV/IND Data
 RTV/NFV Data
 RTV/ SQV Data
 RTV/ZDV/3TC Data
 Therapeutic Strategies


 
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Last Update:  September 19, 2017
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General Reports
 
 
Evolution of gag and gp41 in Patients Receiving Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors.
Manasa J, Varghese V, Pond SLK,
 Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 14;7(1):11559.
Abstract

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Trajectories in HIV-Infected Subjects Treated With Different Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate or Abacavir.
 Gianotti N, Galli L, Poli A, Salpietro S, et al
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 May;95(22):e3780.
 Abstract

Interpreting the reasons for the choice and changing of two drug regimens in an observational cohort: comparison of a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor-based versus a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based first-line regimen.
 Jarrin I, Hernández-Novoa B, Alejos B, et al
HIV Med. 2014 Mar 24.
 Abstract

Evaluation of Treatment Tolerability, Satisfaction and Laboratory Parameters in HIV+ Patients Switching from Ritonavir Capsule to Tablet Formulation.
Mtambo A, Harris M, Toy J,  et al
Curr HIV Res. 2013 May 28
 Abstract

Effects of ritonavir-boosted darunavir, atazanavir and lopinavir on adipose functions and insulin sensitivity in murine and human adipocytes.
Capel E, Auclair M, Caron-Debarle M, Capeau J.
 Antivir Ther. 2011 Nov 28.
 Abstract

Immunovirological Response to Triple Nucleotide Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors and Ritonavir-Boosted Protease Inhibitors in Treatment-Naive HIV-2-Infected Patients: The ACHIEV2E
Collaboration Study Group.
 Benard A, van Sighem A, Taieb A,  et al
Clin Infect Dis. 2011 May;52(10):1257-1266
Abstract

Occurrence of Selective Ritonavir Nonadherence and Dose-Staggering in Recipients of Boosted HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor Therapy.
 Shuter J, Sarlo JA, Rode RA, Zingman BS. 
HIV Clin Trials. 2009 May-Jun;10(3):135-42.
 Abstract

Efficacy and safety of ritonavir-boosted dual protease inhibitor therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected patients: the 2IP ANRS 127 study.
 Landman R, Capitant C, Descamps D,  et al  
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2009 May 6.
Abstract

HIV monotherapy with ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors: a systematic review.
Bierman WF, van Agtmael MA, Nijhuis M, et al
 AIDS. 2008 Dec 24.
Abstract
Guidelines and Recommendations
 
  FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
 Guidelines for using antiretroviral agents among HIV-infected adults and adolescents. Recommendations of the Panel on Clinical Practices for Treatment of HIV.
 MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 May 17;51(RR-7):1-55.
 Paper
RTV/AMP Data
 
  Genotypic inhibitory quotient as predictor of virological response to ritonavir-amprenavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor-experienced patients.
 Marcelin AG, Lamotte C, Delaugerre C, et al.
 Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003 Feb;47(2):594-600
 Abstract
 
  FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
 Salvage therapy with amprenavir and ritonavir: Prospective study in 17 heavily
pretreated patients.
 Arvieux C, Tattevin P, Souala FM, et al .
HIV Clin Trials 2002 Mar-Apr;3(2):125-32
 Paper
RTV/IND Data
 

RTV vs IND

  A randomized trial comparing the introduction of ritonavir or indinavir in 1251 nucleoside-experienced patients with advanced HIV infection.
ISS-IP1 Clinical Investigators. Floridia M, Tomino C, Bucciardini R, et al.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000 Nov 20;16(17):1809-20
Abstract

RTV/IND 
  Efficacy of a twice-daily antiretroviral regimen containing 100 mg ritonavir/400 mg indinavir in HIV-infected patients.
 Ghosn J, Lamotte C, Ait-Mohand H, et al.
AIDS 2003 Jan 24;17(2):209-14
 		 
     
  Dose-finding study of a once-daily indinavir/ritonavir regimen.
gen PW, Burger DM, ter Hofstede HJ, et al. 
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000 Nov 1;25(3):236-45 
Abstract		  
     
  Dose-finding study of a once-daily indinavir/ritonavir regimen.
ugen PW, Burger DM, ter Hofstede HJ, et al. 
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000 Nov 1;25(3):236-45 
Abstract		  
     
  Enhanced penetration of indinavir in cerebrospinal fluid and semen after the addition of low-dose ritonavir.
van Praag RM, Weverling GJ, Portegies P, et al.  
AIDS 2000 Jun 16;14(9):1187-94  
Abstract		  

RTV/IND/Double  Nucleosides

        Efficacy and Safety

  Efficacy and safety of twice daily first-line ritonavir/indinavir plus double nucleoside combination therapy in HIV-infected individuals.
German Ritonavir/Indinavir Study Group. Rockstroh JK, Bergmann F, Wiesel W, et al. 
AIDS 2000 Jun 16;14(9):1181-5  
 Abstract

RTV/IND/DVD/NRTIs

 

  FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
 Combination therapy with indinavir, ritonavir, and delavirdine and nucleoside reverse  transcriptase inhibitors in patients with hiv/aids who have failed multiple antiretroviral combinations.
Grodesky M, Acosta EP, Fujita N et al
HIV Clin Trials 2001 May-Jun;2(3):193-9
 Paper

RTV/IND/ZDV/3TC

          Dose Finding Study

  Dose-finding study of once-daily indinavir/ritonavir plus zidovudine and lamivudine in HIV-infected patients.
Mallolas J, Blanco JL, Sarasa M, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000 Nov 1;25(3):229-35 
Abstract
RTV/NFV Data
 
RTV/NFV
 
 
  Safety, tolerability, and antiretroviral effects of ritonavir-nelfinavir combination therapy
administered for 48 weeks.
Raines CP, Flexner C, Sun E, et al.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000 Dec 1;25(4):322-8 
Abstract 

 RTV vs NFV vs EFV + one protease inhibitor

  Comparison of initial combination antiretroviral therapy with a single protease inhibitor, ritonavir and saquinavir,or efavirenz.
Lucas GM, Chaisson RE, Moore RD.
AIDS 2001 Sep 7;15(13):1679-1686
Abstract
RTV/SQV Data
 

RTV/SQV

          Drug Interactions

              RTV/SQV/fusidic acid

  A drug interaction between fusidic acid and a combination of ritonavir and saquinavir.
 Khaliq Y, Gallicano K, Leger R, Foster B, et al.
Br J Clin Pharmacol 2000 Jul;50(1):82-3
Abstract 

             RTV/SQV/sildenafil

  Pharmacokinetic interactions between sildenafil and saquinavir/ritonavir.
Muirhead GJ, Wulff MB, Fielding A, Kleinermans D, Buss N
Br J Clin Pharmacol 2000 Aug;50(2):99-107
Abstract

        Viral Dynamics/Response

  Cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA and drug levels with combination ritonavir and saquinavir.
Kravcik S, Gallicano K, Roth V, et al.
Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999 Aug 15;21(5):371-5
Abstract

       Efficacy

  FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Ritonavir-saquinavir dual protease inhibitor compared to ritonavir alone in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Michelet C, Ruffault A, Sebille V,  et al.  
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001 Dec;45(12):3393-402
Paper
   
  Safety and Efficacy of Reduced Doses of Ritonavir (RTV) Plus Saquinavir (SQV) in the
Treatment of AIDS Patients in Brazil.
Brites C, Alcantara AP, Mosqueira B, et al. 
Braz J Infect Dis 1999 Jun;3(3):91-96
Abstract

         Resistance

  HIV-1 genotypic resistance patterns predict response to saquinavir-ritonavir therapy in patients in whom previous inhibitor therapy had failed.
Zolopa AR, Shafer RW, Warford A,  et al.  
 Ann Intern Med 1999 Dec 7;131(11):813-21
Abstract 

         Adverse Events

               Hepatitis/Hepatotoxicity

  Risk Factors for Hepatotoxicity in HIV-1-Infected Patients Receiving Ritonavir and Saquinavir with
or without Stavudine. 
Gisolf EH, Dreezen C, Danner SA, et al. 
Clin Infect Dis 2000 Nov;31(5):1234-1239
Abstract

        Clinical Management Strategies

               First-Line Therapy           

  Efficacy and safety of twice daily first-line ritonavir/indinavir plus double nucleoside combination therapy in HIV-infected individuals. German Ritonavir/Indinavir Study Group.
Rockstroh JK, Bergmann F, Wiesel W, et al.
AIDS 2000 Jun 16;14(9):1181-5
Abstract

              Intensification Therapy   

  The effect of treatment intensification in HIV-infection: a study comparing treatment with ritonavir/saquinavir
and ritonavir/saquinavir/stavudine.
Prometheus Study Group. Gisolf EH, Jurriaans S, Pelgrom J, et al. 
AIDS 2000 Mar 10;14(4):405-13
Abstract

                 Salvage Therapy   

  HIV-1 genotypic resistance patterns predict response to saquinavir-ritonavir therapy in
patients in whom previous protease inhibitor therapy had failed.
Zolopa AR, Shafer RW, Warford A, et al. 
Ann Intern Med 1999 Dec 7;131(11):813-21  
Abstract

              Quality of Life

  Quality of life in asymptomatic- and symptomatic HIV infected patients in a trial of ritonavir/saquinavir therapy.
The Prometheus Study Group. Nieuwkerk PT, Gisolf EH, Colebunders R, et al. 
AIDS 2000 Jan 28;14(2):181-7  
Abstract 

RTV/SQV vs RTV

  FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Ritonavir-saquinavir dual protease inhibitor compared to ritonavir alone in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
Michelet C, Ruffault A, Sebille V, et al.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001Dec;45(12):3393-402
 Paper

RTV/SQV vs RTV/SQV/D4T

  The effect of treatment intensification in HIV-infection: a study comparing treatment with ritonavir/and ritonavir/saquinavir/stavudine.
 Prometheus Study Group. Gisolf EH, Jurriaans S, Pelgrom J, et al.
AIDS 2000 Mar 10;14(4):405-13  
Abstract
RTV/ZDV/3TC
 

 Efficacy

  Assessing efficacy by measuring CD(4) counts and quality of life of AIDS patients treated with
ritonavir, AZT and 3TC.
de Andrade JL Neto, Focaccia Siciliano R
Braz J Infect Dis 2000 Aug;4(4):173-82  
Abstract

 Resistance

  Effect of zidovudine resistance mutations on virologic response to treatment with zidovudine-lamivudine-ritonavir: genotypic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from AIDS clinical trials group protocol 315. 
 ACTG Protocol 315 Team. Kuritzkes DR, Sevin A, Young B, et al.
J Infect Dis 2000 Feb;181(2):491-7  
Abstract 

Clinical Management Strategies

  Assessing efficacy by measuring CD(4) counts and quality of life of AIDS patients treated with ritonavir, AZT and 3TC.
de Andrade JL Neto, Focaccia Siciliano R
Braz J Infect Dis 2000 Aug;4(4):173-82  
Abstract
Therapeutic Strategies
 
Renal Cancer
 
  FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Ritonavir acts synergistically with panobinostat to enhance histone acetylation and inhibit renal cancer growth.
 Sato A, Asano T, Isono M, Ito K, Asano T.
Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov;2(6):1016-1022
Paper
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
 
  Investigating and Targeting Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Metabolism with the HIV Protease Inhibitor Ritonavir and Metformin.
 Adekola KU, Aydemir SD, Ma S,  et al
Leuk Lymphoma. 2014 May 14:1-23
 Abstract 

LDL Subfractions
 
  Effects of Rosuvastatin versus pravastatin on LDL diameter in HIV-1-infected patients
 receiving ritonavir-boosted PI.
Bittar R, Giral P, Aslangul E, Assoumou L et al;
 AIDS. 2012 Jun 26.
 Abstract 

Failed Therapy
 
  Dual therapy based on a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor as a novel salvage strategy for HIV-1-infected patients on a failing antiretroviral regimen.
Burgos J, Crespo M, Falcó V, et al
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Feb 29.
Abstract 

Salvage Therapy
 
  Efficacy and Safety of Ritonavir Dose Reduction Based on the Tipranavir Inhibitory Quotient in HIV-Infected Patients on Salvage Antiretroviral Therapy with Tipranavir/Ritonavir.
 Moltó J, Valle M, Santos JR,  et al
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010 Sep 23
 Abstract 

HIV/HCV Coinfection

  Lower ribavirin plasma concentrations in HCV/HIV co-infected patients than in HCV mono-infected patients despite similar dosage.
 Deenen MJ, de Kanter CT, Dofferhoff AS,  et al
Ther Drug Monit. 2015 Jun 19.
 Abstract 

Switch from indinavir to ritonavir-indinavir regimen in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy co-infected with hepatitis C is not associated with alteration of liver function tests.
Vora S, Michon C, Junet C, et al
AIDS 2000 Dec 1;14(17):2795-7
Abstract 

Kaposi's Sarcoma
 
  The efficacy of ritonavir in the prevention of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
 Stebbing J, Portsmouth S, Nelson M,et al. 
Int J Cancer. 2004 Feb 10;108(4):631-3.
Abstract 

 

Transplantation
 
  Effects of Rosuvastatin versus pravastatin on LDL diameter in HIV-1-infected patients
 receiving ritonavir-boosted PI.
Bittar R, Giral P, Aslangul E, Assoumou L et al;
 AIDS. 2012 Jun 26.
 Abstract 

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